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The Gothic Era

1) List an event that coincides with the following dates:
476

527

590

632

726 – 843

732

751

768

800

814

843

846

910

919

1054

1073 – 1085
1095 – 1272
1152 – 1190
1170

1182


2) The Gothic Era, a period of time within the Medieval Period extends from roughly ________ to _______, and is sometimes described as the ____________________________.
3) A major development of the Gothic Era was in the field of Architecture. Three characteristics of Gothic Architecture are _________________________, _____________________________, and _______________________________. What was the motivation for this new architectural style, who is thought to have begun the movement, and where did the first Gothic church appear?
4) The University also developed in this period. Why? _______________________________________________________________________________
5) List three cities where Universities were established and the approximate number founded during this period.









6) The Scholastic or Dialectical Method was used to answer ___________________________________. The three basic steps of this process involve creating a ______________________________, an ____________________________________, and a _____________________________________.
7) The Black or ________________ Plague ravaged Europe from _______ to ________, killing almost ___________ of the population.
8) The papacy resided in Avignon from __________ until ____________. Pope Clement V appoints a large number of __________________, leaving the papacy practically under the control of the ________________________. At the urging of St. ______________________, Gregory IX returns to Rome, only to create another problem. The Great Western Schism lasted from _________ until _______ and involved two different concurrent popes: one in ____________ and one in ________________.
9) Gregory VII, in an attempt to strengthen the role of the Pope, especially in light of the problem of _____________________________, published 27 statements asserting the authority of the papacy known as the ___________________________. William the Conqueror, ruling England from 1066 resists Gregory VII’s wishes, and appoints ________________ as his Archbishop of Canterbury. St. Anselm is appointed Archbishop of Canterbury in ________, but goes into exile in _______ because of disagreements with the King.
10) St. Anselm of Canterbury (Dates _________ -- _______) was born in _______, ________, served as an Abbot in ___________, and eventually becomes the leader of the church in ________________. Known as one of the first scholastic philosophers, three important books written by Anselm are _____________________, _____________________, and _____________________________. Anselm’s goal was to _____________________________________________________________. Anselm believed you must start from the position of ______________________. He also asserted that those who have found faith should ________________________________________________.
11) Anselm argues for the existence of God in his work Monologium. A summary might include the following three points:
 ____________________________________________________________________________
 ____________________________________________________________________________
 ____________________________________________________________________________
Unsatisfied, Anselm further argues in his work Proslogium, including his celebrated proof for the existence of God known as the _________________________. The is an argument that God’s existence can be proved _______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________.
12) What analogy does Anselm use to explain the Doctrine of the Trinity?

13) What is Anselm’s greatest work, and what does it attempt to do?

14) His theory for the necessity of the Atonement rests on three positions. They are:




15) What are three great questions for thinkers in this Gothic Era?




16) What do Nominalists believe about reality?

17) What do Realists believe about reality?

18) How is St. Thomas Aquinas’s argument from the existence of God approached differently than St. Anselm’s? Please Explain…

19) List the five ways St. Thomas Aquinas argues for God’s existence.


Renaissance and Reformation Church

1. Dates for periods of history are always speculative. What are some possible dates for the period described as the “renaissance”?
2. What does the word “renaissance” mean?
3. Define more completely the renaissance that took place in the latter years of the medieval period.
4. Two developments made books more accessible to people in this period. What are these developments?
5. List three ancient languages that were of great interest to scholars of this period.
6. Historians interested in literature would consider whom responsible for the renaissance?
7. List the dates and two accomplishments of the following:
a. Dante Alighieri
b. Giovanni Boccacio
c. Francesco Petrarch
d. Ghiberti
e. Brunelleschi
f. Michaelangelo

8. Where did the term ‘humanista’ originate?
9. What five topics were eventually considered the humanities?
10. List the dates, two saints, and a quote that summarizes the Reformation Period of Church History.
11. The Reformation was a response to corruption in the Church. List three areas of corruption.
12. What three problems exist at the end of the Medieval period?
13. The Reformation has been said to have two motivations. What are they?
14. What was the symbolic beginning of the Reformation?
15. What was Martin Luther’s primary concern?
16. List Luther’s dates and three facts about him.
17. Summarize the positions in the Faith versus Works controversy.
18. Luther was greatly concerned about the role of the Bible in the life of the Church. What made this concern possible in this period?
19. What is the title of Luther’s tract on the Sacraments?
20. The Renaissance Papacy is perhaps the lowest point for the persons occupying the See of Peter. How did Leo X respond to the concerns expressed by Martin Luther?
21. List the dates and two facts about the following:
a. Desiderius Erasmus
b. Ulrich Zwingli
c. John Calvin
d. King Henry VIII
e. John Knox
22. The Counter-Reformation was the Catholic Church’s response to the concerns of the Reformation. Who was St. Ignatius of Loyola and what did he do?
23. What Church Council was convened to address these concerns? List the title and dates for this important Council.
24. The Council addressed many concerns and initiated many reforms. List 8 areas of reform.
25. Who promulgated the Roman Missal, Breviary and Catechism?
26. Who promulgated the Roman Ritual?